Electrictrostatics of condcutors

Conductors have a lot of electrons almost in the range of 1029 per cubic m. So, subjecting conductors to an external field usually results in the rearrangement of the electrons such that the positive ions are away from the Electric field and the negative ones closer to the electric field. This gives rise to an induced electric field that grows on strength till it becomes equal to the external field.

So, inside the conductor, the net electric field is zero.

Using this property, we can find other attributes of the electrostatics of the conductors.

The major attributes are as follows;

(1) The electric field inside a conductor is zero.

(2) The external electric field will always be perpendicular to the surface of the conductor.

(3) The charge inside a conductor is zero.

(4) The potential of a conductor is constant.

(5) The electric field due to a conductor is given by E = σ/εₒ\

(6) The zero value of the electric field inside the conductor helps to have electrostatic shielding.

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